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Backstage
The story you have just read is all about what is really going on inside us. The characters in this first episode are monocytes (Enemy-Eating MonoCell agents), our body’s fundamental guardians, even if they might get a bit rough at times, and they continuously patrol the blood vessels, looking for potential enemies. Better still, they look out for signals sent by other policemen/guardians who are inside our organs and related tissue, and grappling with more or less dangerous enemies (viruses, bacteria and others). NB: there are very few enemies that dare to come out into the open and swim in the blood for a long time.
When patrolling, monocytes detect the alarm signals [chemokines: briefcases] thrown by their colleagues into the rivers, and they immediately head to the area of the body where the calls for help came from. To get inside, they use a special technique to make a hole in the capillary vessel walls (which sometimes makes liquid ooze in or out, and this creates swelling, or edema]. As soon they arrive at the spot where the enemies are holed up, the monocytes transform (physically, in an almost magical, natural process) into a more aggressive type of soldier: the macrophage (which we called BigMouth), which devours the enemy [or foreign substances: tar from cigarettes, for example].
But this is not enough: the macrophages emit alarm signals to attract the attention of the elite police force: the lymphocytes. What are these alarm signals? They are proteins in the enemies [bacteria] that macrophages eat and "digest". These proteins are displayed on the uniform [outer wall] of the macrophages themselves, and become a warning signal for B and T lymphocytes, which are able to detect them. The macrophages also add a particular series of molecules to their uniforms that act as "ID cards" (the Police badge, etc.) and are called MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex). These determine our blood groups. If the lymphocytes don’t find the right MHC, they destroy the macrophage even if it is part of the Army and not an enemy (but it has an enemy protein on its back).
Stai leggendo
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Dove siamo: all’interno di quella strana nazione che è il corpo umano.
Chi sono i personaggi di questa puntata: gli agenti del Reparto Mangia-Nemici (i monociti/macrofagi, in termine scientifico)
Che cosa fanno: raccolgono i segnali d’allarme lanciati da altri agenti del grande Sistema Difensivo Nazionale (il sistema immunitario) e si mobilitano per mangiare, letteralmente, i nemici.